Entering the proper shipping name is a critical step in the transportation of hazardous materials. It ensures that the shipment is clearly and accurately identified, which is essential for safety, regulatory compliance, and proper handling throughout the supply chain.
Understanding the rules and guidelines for entering the proper shipping name can prevent costly errors and enhance security.
Understanding Proper Shipping Names (PSNs)
The Proper Shipping Name (PSN) is the official name assigned to a hazardous material by regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) or the International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code.
This standardized name describes the hazardous substance or article being shipped and is used globally to communicate risks and handling instructions.
Each proper shipping name corresponds to specific hazard classes, packing groups, and identification numbers. Using the correct PSN prevents confusion and ensures that emergency responders and handlers understand exactly what material they are dealing with.
“The proper shipping name is the foundation for all hazardous materials documentation and labeling. Without it, the entire shipping process becomes unreliable and unsafe.”
Key Characteristics of a Proper Shipping Name
| Characteristic | Description |
|---|---|
| Uniqueness | Each PSN is unique to a specific hazardous material or group of materials. |
| Standardization | PSNs are standardized in regulatory documents such as the DOT’s Hazardous Materials Table. |
| Clarity | Names are clear and descriptive to minimize misunderstanding. |
| Legal Requirement | Use of PSNs is mandatory for regulatory compliance during transport. |
When to Enter the Proper Shipping Name
The proper shipping name must be entered at multiple points in the shipping process. These include:
- Filling out shipping papers or manifests
- Labeling packages and containers
- Completing air waybills or bills of lading
- Preparing emergency response information
Failing to enter the proper shipping name at any of these stages can lead to regulatory violations, shipment delays, or even accidents due to improper handling.
Shipping Papers and Manifests
When preparing shipping papers, the proper shipping name must be written exactly as it appears in the applicable regulations. This includes any punctuation, capitalization, and spacing.
The name should be accompanied by the hazard class, identification number, and packing group (if applicable).
For example, a shipping paper entry might look like this:
Proper Shipping Name: Acetone
Hazard Class: 3
UN Number: UN1090
Packing Group: II
Labels and Markings on Packages
The proper shipping name must also appear on package markings when required by regulations. This helps handlers and emergency responders quickly identify the contents and associated hazards.
When entering the PSN on the package, it must be legible, durable, and placed in a visible location.
How to Correctly Enter the Proper Shipping Name
Following these steps will help ensure the proper shipping name is correctly entered:
- Identify the material: Determine the exact chemical or article being shipped.
- Consult the regulations: Use the Hazardous Materials Table (HMT) or equivalent regulatory list.
- Find the exact PSN: Locate the proper shipping name associated with the material.
- Verify additional details: Check the hazard class, UN number, and packing group.
- Enter the PSN exactly: Use the precise wording, capitalization, and punctuation as listed.
- Cross-check with your shipping papers: Ensure consistency across all documentation and labels.
Common Mistakes to Avoid
| Mistake | Consequence | How to Avoid |
|---|---|---|
| Using a non-standard or trade name | Regulatory non-compliance and confusion | Always use the official PSN from regulations |
| Incorrect spelling or punctuation | Mistaken identity or shipment rejection | Copy exactly from the Hazardous Materials Table |
| Omitting required hazard class or UN number | Incomplete shipping papers; potential fines | Include all required elements with the PSN |
| Failing to update PSN when material changes | Incorrect shipping information; safety risks | Review PSN with every shipment |
Special Situations When Entering the Proper Shipping Name
There are several situations that require additional care when entering the proper shipping name. These include:
Mixtures and Solutions
When shipping a mixture or solution, the PSN may differ from the individual components. Regulations typically require the use of a specific PSN for the mixture if it appears in the Hazardous Materials Table.
Otherwise, the material may be classified as a “combination of substances” or by the most hazardous component.
For example, a paint mixture may be listed as “Paint, flammable, n.o.s.” rather than listing each solvent separately.
Limited Quantity and Excepted Quantity Shipments
Shipments that qualify for limited quantity or excepted quantity exceptions might have special rules for entering the proper shipping name. In some cases, the PSN must be followed by the phrase “limited quantity” or “excepted quantity” to indicate the shipment is eligible for relief from certain regulations.
ORM-D and Consumer Commodity Designations
Although the ORM-D designation was phased out in many modes of transportation, certain consumer commodities may still be shipped under special provisions. The proper shipping name for these may include the phrase “Consumer Commodity” or other specific terms consistent with the regulations.
Regulatory References for Proper Shipping Names
Several regulatory bodies govern the use of proper shipping names worldwide. Familiarity with these references is essential for anyone responsible for hazardous materials shipping.
| Regulatory Body | Reference Document | Scope |
|---|---|---|
| U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) | 49 CFR Part 172, Subpart C: Hazardous Materials Table | Domestic transport by road, rail, air, and water |
| International Maritime Organization (IMO) | International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code | International sea transport |
| International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) | Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air | International air transport |
| United Nations (UN) | UN Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods – Model Regulations | Global framework for hazardous materials classification |
Best Practices for Entering Proper Shipping Names
Adhering to best practices enhances safety and regulatory compliance. Consider the following guidelines:
- Training: Ensure staff are trained and up-to-date on hazardous materials regulations.
- Use official resources: Always consult current regulatory tables and documents.
- Double-check entries: Review all shipping papers and labels before shipment.
- Maintain documentation: Keep copies of shipping papers and reference materials for audits.
- Implement quality control: Use checklists and verification procedures.
Technology Aids
Many companies use software solutions designed to automate and verify the correct entry of proper shipping names. These systems often integrate regulatory updates, reducing human error and ensuring compliance.
Consequences of Incorrect Proper Shipping Name Entries
Incorrect or incomplete entry of the proper shipping name can have serious repercussions. These include fines, shipment delays, and increased risk of accidents or incidents during transportation.
“An incorrect proper shipping name is not just a paperwork error—it can be a hazard to life, property, and the environment.”
Regulatory agencies may impose penalties that range from monetary fines to suspension of shipping privileges. Additionally, emergency responders rely on accurate shipping names to take appropriate action during incidents.
Summary
Entering the proper shipping name correctly is a fundamental responsibility for anyone involved in hazardous materials transportation. It requires careful attention to detail, a thorough understanding of regulations, and commitment to safety.
By adhering to regulatory requirements, consulting official references, and employing best practices, shippers can ensure that hazardous materials are identified correctly, handled safely, and transported without unnecessary risk.
Remember: The proper shipping name is the key to safe and compliant hazardous materials shipping. Never underestimate its importance.
